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A sage (, ''sophos''), in classical philosophy, is someone who has attained the wisdom which a philosopher seeks. The first to make this distinction is Plato, through the character of Socrates, within the ''Symposium''. While analyzing the concept of love, Socrates concludes Love is that which lacks the object it seeks. Therefore, the philosopher (, meaning ''lover of wisdom'') does not have the wisdom sought, while the sage, on the other hand, does not love or seek wisdom, for it is already possessed. Socrates then examines the two categories of persons who do not partake in philosophy: #Gods and sages, because they ''are'' wise; #Senseless people, because they ''think'' they are wise. The position of the philosopher is between these two groups. The philosopher is not wise, but possesses the self-awareness of lacking wisdom, and thus pursues it. Alternatively, the sage is one who lives "according to an ideal which transcends the everyday." 〔(Annas, Julia. ''The Sage in Ancient Philosophy )〕 Plato is also the first to develop this notion of the sage in various works. Within The Republic, Plato indicates that when a friend of a sage dies, the sage "will not think that for a good man... death is a terrible thing."〔Plato. ''The Republic'', 387d.〕 In the Theaetetus, Plato defines the sage as one who becomes "righteous and holy and wise.",〔http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0172%3Atext%3DTheaet.%3Asection%3D176b〕 and is thus God-like in his nature. The term has also been used interchangeably with a 'good person' (, ''agathos''), and a 'virtuous person' (, ''spoudaios'').〔 ==In Greek thought== Among the earliest accounts of the sage begin with Empedocles' ''Sphairos''. Horace describes the ''Sphairos'' as "Completely within itself, well-rounded and spherical, so that nothing extraneous can adhere to it, because of its smooth and polished surface."〔Pierre Hadot, ''The Inner Citadel'', trans. Michael Chase. Havard University Press, 1998. ''The Inner Citadel, Or The Discipline Of Assent'', p. 119〕 Within the six major schools of the Hellenistic thought - Platonism, Aristotelianism, Cynicism, Epicureanism, Stoicism, and Pyrrhonian Skepticism - the sage was a featured figured. Karl Ludwig Michelet wrote that "Greek religion culminated with its true god, the sage"; Pierre Hadot develops this idea, stating that "the moment philosophers achieve a rational conception of God based on the model of the sage, Greece surpasses its mythical representation of its gods."〔Pierre Hadot, ''Philosophy as a Way of Life'', trans. Michael Chase. Blackwell Publishing, 1995. ''Forms of Life and Forms of Discourse in Ancient Philosophy'', p. 58〕 Indeed, the actions of the sage are propounded to be how a god would act in the same situation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sage (philosophy)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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